Association between Depression, Anxiety and Personality Among Rural Adolescent Boys and Girls- A Community-based Cross-sectional Study | Chapter 6 | An Overview of Disease and Health Research Vol. 4

     

Background: Personality is defined as a set of stable and enduring psychological qualities that influence an individual's characteristic pattern of behaviour across different situations and over time. The emergence of depression and anxiety disorders also seems to cause a temporary and sometimes permanent alteration in personality features. The objective of the study is to find out the association between anxiety and depression with personality facets and domains among rural adolescent boys and girls.

 

Methods: It was a community-based cross-sectional study carried out for 12 months from March 2024 to February 2025 among 20 randomly selected rural schools of Kolar Taluk. Personality was assessed using the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5), a 220-item self-report questionnaire that evaluates 25 personality facets grouped into five broad domains: Negative Affectivity, Detachment, Antagonism, Disinhibition, and Psychoticism. Anxiety was measured using the 7-item Generalised Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7), and depression was assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), which consists of 21 items. The sample size was calculated based on previous research. The interview technique collected all the data. Descriptive statistics will be applied wherever needed to compare groups after checking for the normality of data. To compare between groups, a t-test and ANOVA were used with a level of significance defined as a p-value less than 0.05. IEC clearance was obtained before the start of the study.

 

Results: 430 rural school children took part in the study. 247 (57.4%) were boys, and 273 (63.5%) belonged to the 10th standard, 120(27.9%) had Moderate anxiety, and 79 (18.4%) had Borderline depression. Adolescents with severe anxiety had higher scores in facets like Anxiousness, attention seeking, callousness-anxiety, grandiosity, manipulativeness, risk-taking, suspiciousness, unusual beliefs and experiences, impulsivity, perceptual dysregulation, and withdrawal facets. Rural school children with Mild depression had higher scores in personality facets like anxiousness, eccentricity, emotional liability, irresponsibility, impulsivity, perseveration, and suspiciousness.

 

Conclusion: The present study suggests that mental health screening at school for anxiety and depression, along with personality assessment, should be implemented in school mental health programs.

 

Author(s) Details

Hana Zaiba Z

Department of Community Medicine, SDUMC, SDUAHER, Kolar, Karnataka, India.

 

Angayarkanni. P
Department of Community Medicine, SDUMC, SDUAHER, Kolar, Karnataka, India.

 

Sahana S Murthy

Department of Psychiatry, SDUMC, SDUAHER, Kolar, Karnataka, India.

 

Pradeep. TS

Department of Community Medicine, SDUMC, SDUAHER, Kolar, Karnataka, India

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/aodhr/v4/5863

Infiltration of Bapedi Culture by Early Western Christian Missionaries: Compliance and Cultural Resistance | Chapter 1 | Current Progress in Arts and Social Studies Research Vol. 9

It is deeply regretted that early Christian missionaries brought the good and bad to Africa. It is apparent that the coming into existence of the missionaries with the Bapedi people was conflict-ridden, and hence created a pull-and-push situation. This chapter highlights the history of Christianity in South Africa, particularly in the Bapedi society, but also scrutinizes the work of the Berlin (German) Missionary Society and other missionaries who infiltrated Bapedi culture, as well as the response by Bapedi people; resistance and compliance from 19 July 1860 – 8 July 2018. To achieve the objectives of this study, the following primary research questions were considered: a) How do people understand one another when they do not share a common cultural experience? and b) were the missionaries successful in accomplishing their mission by indoctrinating and detribalising Bapedi people to forget about their cultural heritage and identity? A contextual approach was employed, and data was collected through observations, interviews, and video recordings of rituals, and social and cultural ceremonies. Relevant sources to the context of this study in the form of published journal articles, book chapters, books and theses were also consulted to compare and complement data collected from the field research. It has emerged from this study that missionary activities in South Africa and elsewhere in the continent have generated a great deal of debate in the scholarly arena. During observations and interviews, it was also established that the missionaries were ignorant of the fact that Christianity in Bapedi society had to make provision for Bapedi traditional beliefs, customs and practices if it wanted to succeed. It was concluded that the missionaries did not take into consideration the traditional beliefs, customs and practices of the Bapedi people. Instead of adding towards Bapedi cultural practices, they applied the principle of elimination by substitution.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Morakeng Edward Kenneth Lebaka
Department of Biblical and Ancient Studies, School of Humanities, College of Human Sciences, Muckleneuk Campus, University of South Africa (UNISA), Preller Street, Muckleneuk Ridge, City of Tshwane, South Africa.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/cpassr/v9/2578

Antagonistic Efficacy of Lactic Acid Bacteria against the Human and Fish-borne Microbiota of Fresh Indian Mackerel Fish Chunks | Chapter 9 | Current Strategies in Biotechnology and Bioresource Technology Vol. 2

Various strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) namely Lactobacillus acidophilus NCIM 2287, Lactobacillus plantarum NCIM 2085, Lactobacillus helveticus NCIM 2126 and Lactococcus lactis NCIM 2114 were procured from the National Chemical Laboratory (NCL) Pune, India. These LAB cells were individually (107cfu/ml) sprayed using a sterile syringe on the dressed fresh mackerel fish chunks and incubated at 37°C for 2 days. The growth pattern of each LAB and their antagonism against fish-borne spoilage bacteria namely, specific spoilage bacteria, halophilic bacteria, coliforms, lipolytic, proteolytic bacteria and total plate count were estimated for three days. Pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus was inhibited by Lb. acidophilus on the second day with 4.30 log difference as compared to control. The growth of specific spoilage bacteria was decreased by Lb. plantarum spray on the first day by 1.0 log difference. Lb. helveticus inhibited S. aureus on the third day by 3.5 log difference. Out of the four LABs tried, Lb. helveticus showed the best inhibitory effect against the fishborne bacteria. All three LABs exhibited inhibition against the fish-borne spoilage bacteria, they may thus be potentially used as bio-preservative bacteria to preserve the whole fish meat or minced meat products etc. for a shorter duration. 

Author (s) Details

Dr. Kannappan Sudalayandi
Central Institute of Brackishwater Aquaculture (CIBA-ICAR), 75 Santhome High Road, MRC Nagar, Chennai 600 028, India.  

View Book :- http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/206