Development and Performance Evaluation of Vehicle-Mounted Wind Turbine for Electrical Power Generation | Chapter 2 | Current Concepts in Engineering Research and Technology Vol. 1

Environmental degradation from continuous use of fossil fuels and the attendant effects on human and animal environments demand sustainable, renewable energy alternatives to protect the environment from further deterioration. Wind energy offers a promising solution as it is available everywhere, inexhaustible, and can be accessed anytime for the continuous powering of electric vehicles while in motion. The present study aims to investigate the effects of wind speed, car speed, and altitude on power generation using a vehicle-mounted wind turbine (VMWT) on a moving vehicle. A VMWT was developed and tested at varying altitudes, wind and vehicle speeds across the northern and southern zones of Nigeria to assess its energy generation potential for use in powering electric vehicles. The Horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) utilised a dynamo rated at 12V 10 W at 325 rpm, a swept area of 0.159 m2 operating directly without a mechanical multiplier system, a cup anemometer and a data logger to capture real-time data. The data obtained was analysed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) SPSS16 and Minitab software and Design Expert.v.18. The data obtained was grouped using six driving speed ranges (0-20km/hr,20- 40km/hr,40-60km/hr,60-80km/hr,80-100km/hr and 100-120km/hr), four altitude ranges (0- 100m,100-200m,200-300m, and 300-400m) and four wind speed ranges (0-50m/s,50-100m/s,200- 250m/s and above 250m/s). The lowest mean wind speed of 8.68m/s was recorded at a car driving speed range of 0-20km/hr and at an altitude range of 0-100m and the mean power generated was 266.476mW, while the highest mean wind speed of 108.47m/s occurred at a driving speed range of 100-120km/hr at altitude range of 100-200m with a peak electrical power of 6479.242mW. The peak power output of 6662.131mW for this research was recorded at the altitude range of 300-400m, driving speed range of 100-120km/hr and wind speed 570m/s. This output can be further enhanced by utilising both a mechanical multiplier and a buck-boost converter to efficiently charge the car battery, thereby extending the vehicle's driving range. The result of this Study shows that electrical power generation increased with higher vehicle speeds and wind speeds across all altitude ranges. Further studies are required to be carried out on the turbine blades for increased power generation.

 

 

Author(s) Details

B. Olajiga
Centre for Renewable Energy Technology (CRET), Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.

 

O. J. Olukunle
Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.

 

J. Isa
Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/ccert/v1/6995

Taguchi Modified Additive Model for Aerodynamic Optimization of Wind Turbine Blade Trailing-Edge Serrations | Chapter 5 | Contemporary Perspective on Science, Technology and Research Vol. 5

The present work employs a statistical-numerical method to predict and optimize the shape of the serrations for maximum aerodynamic improvement. A long-term objective for the rotor is to achieve relatively high aerodynamic performance in particular wind conditions. Inspired by the remarkable flight characteristics of owls, an optimal trailing edge serration design is investigated and proposed for a wind turbine rotor blade. Fluid flow interaction with the proposed serrations is explored for different wind conditions. A potential solution to improve existing wind turbines is the addition of flow-control devices to the rotor blades. Flow control devices can effectively prevent or delay flow separation and suppress turbulence resulting in improved aerodynamic and aeroacoustics performance, load reduction, fluctuation suppression, and ultimately increased wind turbine power output. The result is supported by subsequent validation with three-dimensional numerical tools. The optimal combination is found using the Taguchi design of experiment with three factors: Amplitude, wavelength, and serration thickness. The viability of the solution on an application is assessed using the Weibull distribution of wind in three selected regions. Results show that the presence of serration is capable of improving the annual power generation in all the investigated cities by up to 12%. The rated speed is also shifted from 10 m/s to 8m/s for most configurations. Additionally, all configurations show similar trends for the instantaneous torque where an increase is observed in pre-rated speed whereas a decrease is noticed in the post-rated speed region. A look at the flow field pattern for the optimal design in comparison with the clean blade shows that the modified blade is able to generate more lift in the pre-stall region, while for the post-stall region, early separation and increased wake dominate the flow. Further studies in this area can cover the mechanical aspect and aero-acoustic impact of the trailing edge serrations as well as the correlation between acoustic emission, power generation, and aerodynamic forces in the improvement of an overall wind turbine performance.

Author(s) Details:

Khaoula Qaissi,
LERMA Lab, School of Aerospace and Automotive Engineering, Faculty Engineering and Architecture, Université I Rabat, Campus UIR Parc Technopolis Rocade, Rabat-Sale, Sala Al Jadida 11100, Morocco.

Omer Elsayed,
LERMA Lab, School of Aerospace and Automotive Engineering, Faculty Engineering and Architecture, Université I Rabat, Campus UIR Parc Technopolis Rocade, Rabat-Sale, Sala Al Jadida 11100, Morocco.

Mustapha Faqir,
LERMA Lab, School of Aerospace and Automotive Engineering, Faculty Engineering and Architecture, Université I Rabat, Campus UIR Parc Technopolis Rocade, Rabat-Sale, Sala Al Jadida 11100, Morocco.

Elhachmi Essadiqi,
LERMA Lab, School of Aerospace and Automotive Engineering, Faculty Engineering and Architecture, Université I Rabat, Campus UIR Parc Technopolis Rocade, Rabat-Sale, Sala Al Jadida 11100, Morocco.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CPSTR-V5/article/view/13279

Optimal PI Pitch Control of SCIG Wind Turbine Using Grey Wolf Optimizer for Dynamic Stability| Chapter 5 | Novel Perspectives of Engineering Research Vol.7

For maximum performance in power limiting to rated value and decreasing loading on wind turbine components, the wind turbine's Proportional Integral (PI) pitch control must be tuned to perfection. The Ziegler Nichols (ZN) tuning method has traditionally been used to tune the PI controller for pitch angle control. Soft computing meta-heuristic optimisation approaches are now commonly utilised to fine-tune PI controllers for precise and optimal wind turbine control (WT). The Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) technique is developed in this paper to optimise the PI controller for SCIG-WT pitch angle control. The goal is to use GWO to reduce the Integral Time multiplied Square Error (ITSE) objective function, which is based on the WT's power error. This ensures the greatest possible combination of optimised pitch control PI parameters, and thus the best possible dynamic response of the SCIG WT working in power limitation mode under disturbances such as sudden high wind speeds and changes in air density in bad weather. The proposed GWO tuning methodology is compared to a meta-heuristic optimisation technique, notably the classic Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), the evolution-based Genetic Algorithm (GA), and the Ziegler Nichols (ZN) tuning method, in order to validate its performance. In comparison to other algorithms, the GWO demonstrates its superiority and efficacy in terms of fast convergence of tuning characteristics. Furthermore, compared to PSO, GA, and ZN tuned PI controllers, the GWO tuned PI controller pitch control gave the least settling time and overshoot in pitch angle from rapid changes above rated wind speed or air density in the SCIG-WT. In addition, when compared to PSO, GA, and ZN tuned PI controllers, it had the least undershoot of WT active power and rotor speed. As a result, when compared to PSO, GA, and ZN tuned PI controllers, the GWO tuned PI controller used in pitch control provided improved dynamic stability of SCIG-WT output.

Author(s) Details:

Aliyu Hamza Sule,
Electrical Engineering Department, Hassan Usman Katsina Polytechnic, P.M.B. 2052 Katsina, Katsina State, Nigeria.

Ahmad Safawi Bin Mokhtar,
Electrical Power Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Malaysia.

Jasrul Jamani Bin Jamian,
Electrical Power Engineering Department, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Johor Bahru, Malaysia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/NPER-V7/article/view/5902