Key Factors Influencing on Implementation of Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI): A Systematic Review| Chapter 12 | Disease and Health Research: New Insights Vol. 5

Background: The Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) is a strategy that was developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations International Children’s Fund (UNICEF) in 1992 as an integrated approach to improve child health. IMCI is needed to address infant mortality in sub-Saharan African and South Asian countries of 11 million cases, due to diarrheal diseases, pneumonia, measles, malnutrition and newborn care problems. IMCI is an approach to managing sick children carried out integrated by combining promotion, prevention, and treatment services for the five leading causes of death in infants and children in developing countries. IMCI is used as a service standard for sick infants and childhood illnesses and a guideline for health workers, especially nurses and midwives and doctors in primary healthcare facilities. IMCI contributes significantly to reducing the mortality rate of neonates, infants and children if implemented widely, properly, and correctly.

 

Purpose: The primary purpose of the study is to determine the key factors impacting the implementation on integrated management of childhood illnesses (IMCI).

 

Methods: The design of this study uses systematic review, namely literature research that assesses critically quality health journals, which have been filtered with inclusion criteria and used several Google Scholar, Science Direct and Research Gate databases as literacy in this study. This systematic review is limited to a literature search in the last 10 years (2012- 2022) by using the following keywords: IMCI, Factors, determinant, Perception, Implementation "integrated management of childhood illnesses". There were 215 results according to the keywords Impact, implementation IMCI, and perceptions.

 

Results: One of the factors hindering the implementation of IMCI is the national and regional strategies that do not provide space for stakeholders to review, monitor and evaluate the program. The factors that cause to implementation of IMCI are supervised by the head of community health, district authority, attitude of health workers, logistics support, experience, knowledge, and perception of health staff trained on IMCI determine in process application in each health facility.

 

Conclusion: Leadership, logistic support, monitoring and supervision and coordination have an impact on the IMCI implementation process.

 

Author (s) Details

Joaquim Pinto
Universidade Nacional Timor Lorosa’e, Timor-Leste.

 

Sayekti Wahyuningsih
Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta, Indonesia.

 

Imam Sentot
University Strada Indonesia, Indonesia.

 

Yuly Peristiowati
University Strada Indonesia, Indonesia.

 

Yenny Puspitasari
University Strada Indonesia, Indonesia.

 

Novita Ana Anggraini
University Strada Indonesia, Indonesia.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/dhrni/v5/1593

The Implementation of Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) in Sick Children with Diarrhea | Chapter 5 | Disease and Health: Research Developments Vol. 8

According to the United Nations International Children's Fund and World Health Organization (UNICEF, 2017), Integrated Management of Childhood Illness is the standard for Integrated Management of Sick Child when the caregiver brings the child to a health facility. Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses (IMCI) is a program that focuses on the main childhood diseases that occur in children under five years of age with a focus on pneumonia (acute respiratory infection), diarrhea, malaria, measles, dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), ear and malnutrition. Diarrhea is a global health problem that causes high morbidity and mortality in developing countries due to poor environmental sanitation and hygiene, inadequate water supply, poverty and limited access to education. IMCI is a strategy that focuses on the child as a whole, not on a single disease or condition, but on a combination of illnesses that need to be treated in an integrated manner at home and in primary health care facilities. Based on the Becora Community Health Center report cases handled using the IMCI strategy totaled 2,204 cases in 2021, 4,273 cases in 2022 and 3,160 cases, from January to June 2023. Diarrhea cases ranked first, namely 584 cases in 2021, and in 2022 experienced an increase to 758 cases and until June 2023 cases of diarrhea reached 416 cases. The purpose of this residency is to know the management of cases of diarrhea by using IMCI strategies at the Becora Health Center, Dili, Timor Leste. Using descriptive studies because they only wanted to know the frequency distribution of cases handled with IMCI and specifically wanted to observe the management procedures in cases with diarrhea. Based on the results residence from 17-29 July 2023, 598 cases were not handled according to the IMCI strategy, of which 10.37% (n=62) cases had diarrhea and 0.5% (n=3) dysentery cases. In accordance with the results of observations the IMCI management procedures are not in accordance with ministry standards or policies issued by the Ministry of Health Timor Leste. During residence, it appears that health professionals conducting consultations are more directed to using general consultations than using the IMCI strategy. In conclusion, IMCI is a national program and has contributed to reducing morbidity and mortality in Timor Leste, namely until 2030, it could drop to 15/1000 live births. Lack of support for facilities and infrastructure and a lack of trained IMCI personnel can affect the management of IMCI.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Joaquim Pinto
National University of Timor Lorosa'e, Timor-Leste.

 

Sayekti Wahyuningsi
Sebelas Maret University, Indonesia.

 

Yenny Puspitasari
Strada Indonesia University, Indonesia.

 

Joaquim Gregorio de Carvalho
National University of Timor Lorosa'e, Timor-Leste.

 

Novita Ana Anggraini
Strada Indonesia University, Indonesia.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/dhrd/v8/4793