The Pathogenesis of Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus Revealed through the Therapeutic Effects of Hydroxychloroquine | Chapter 12 | Advancement and New Understanding in Medical Science Vol. 6

In recent years of research in immunology, the understanding of innate immunity has deepened, and the concept of innate immunity has been proposed even in the field of acquired immunity. The conventional immunosuppressive treatments mainly act via regulation of acquired immunity. However, the involvement of innate immunity was confirmed for hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), which has been confirmed to be effective in the treatment of cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE). Approximately 1.5 years prior to this trial, HCQ was officially approved for use in Japan by the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare for the treatment of CLE and SLE in September 2015. This review introduces the mechanism underlying the development of CLE from the viewpoint of autoantibodies, cytokines, and innate immunity. Furthermore, the mechanism of action of HCQ is introduced and discussed.

Author(s) Details:

Fukumi Furukawa,
Department of Forensic Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, 641-8509 Wakayama, Japan.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/ANUMS-V6/article/view/13363

Continued Use of Hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19 in Outpatient or Hospitalized Settings: What is the Evidence? | Chapter 15 | Current Aspects in Pharmaceutical Research and Development Vol.9

The COVID-19 pandemic is still a huge global threat, and the globe is battling the disease's second and third waves, which have resulted in high mortality rates in many nations. Despite the critical need for a proven therapy option, the treatment choices for COVID-19 remain unknown. During the early stages of the pandemic, hydroxychloroquine was frequently recommended for COVID-19 prevention or treatment in both ambulatory and hospital settings. Its use has been approved by many national and international guidelines. However, later clinical trials have found no substantial therapeutic advantages alone or in combination with azithromycin, as well as a high risk of side effects. Despite this, hydroxychloroquine is often used, particularly in ambulatory settings, and it should be avoided because evidence from many clinical trials does not support its usage.

Author(s) Details:

Ajay Kumar Shukla,
a AIIMS, Bhopal, India.

Saurav Misra,
KCGMC, Karnal, India.

Shubham Atal,
AIIMS, Bhopal, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CAPRD-V9/article/view/5975