Herbicides: Unraveling Their Influence on Crop Management | Book Publisher International

Herbicides are integral to modern agricultural practices, providing essential tools for effective weed management and significantly contributing to enhanced crop yields. This book delves into the chemical structures and modes of action of several herbicide classes, detailing their specific mechanisms of action.

 

In addition to examining chemical properties, the book emphasizes the importance of selecting herbicides tailored to specific crops and environmental contexts. Factors such as crop type, growth stage, and local weed populations are crucial in making informed herbicide choices. Resistance management is a growing concern in the agricultural community, necessitating a strategic approach to herbicide application that minimizes the development of resistant weed biotypes.

 

To address these challenges, the book presents recommendations for sustainable herbicide use. These include the integration of cultural practices such as crop rotation and cover cropping, which can enhance soil health and reduce weed pressure. Rotating herbicides with different modes of action is essential for preventing resistance, while precision application techniques, including targeted spraying and variable rate application, can optimize herbicide efficacy and reduce environmental impact.

 

By adopting these integrated strategies, farmers can mitigate the risks associated with herbicide use, such as resistance development, while promoting long-term agricultural sustainability. This dual focus on productivity and ecological health is vital for ensuring food security in a rapidly changing world. Moreover, this book underscores the need for ongoing research and innovation in herbicide development, emphasizing the importance of creating new formulations and alternative weed management strategies that align with sustainable agricultural practices. Through collaborative efforts among researchers, agronomists, and farmers, the agricultural sector can navigate future challenges while preserving ecological integrity and enhancing crop resilience.

 

Author (s) Details

Dr. Polagani Nagarjuna
Agricultural College, Bapatla, ANGRAU, Andhra Pradesh, India.

 

Dr. Ch. Naga Jyothi
Agricultural College, Bapatla, ANGRAU, Andhra Pradesh, India.

 

Dr. M. Veerendra
Agricultural College, Bapatla, ANGRAU, Andhra Pradesh, India.

 

Dr. D.V.S. Akshay
Agricultural College, Bapatla, ANGRAU, Andhra Pradesh, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/mono/978-93-48119-77-3

Efficient Weed Management Practices for Organic Rice Production System | Chapter 10 | Research Advances and Challenges in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 2

This study was conducted to find out the effective weed management option for organic rice and to work out the economics of such weed management practices for organic rice. Weed is a ubiquitous species that competes with important crops for light, nutrients, space, and water, resulting in a deterioration of the perfect environment for crop growth. A field trial was conducted during kharif  season of  2017-18 and 2018-19 in red sandy clay loam soils of Agricultural Research Station, Ragolu. The trial was taken up with ten organic weed management treatments in randomized block design in three replications. From the data analysed for two years it was  revealed that weeds can be managed  in organic rice by  Summer ploughing followed by  Green manuring followed by 3 weeks puddling  interval +  One conoweeding at 15 days after transplanting +Need based hand  weeding at 40 days after transplanting  as it has recorded the highest mean grain yield (6542 kg/ha), Weed Control Efficiency (77.77%) and benefit cost ratio(1.50) as compared to other organic methods and hence can be recommended for organic rice production. As proposed climate change models indicate increased variability of growing season weather shifts in weed communities and increased competitiveness of weeds it will become more difficult to predict the severity of crop–weed interference. Future weed management research should emphasize the development of robust tools and management techniques to overcome this variability and uncertainty.

Author(s) Details:

Ramana Murthy K. V.,
Agricultural Research Station, Ragolu, Srikakulam District, A.P., India.

Adilakshmi D.,
Agricultural Research Station, Ragolu, Srikakulam District, A.P., India.

Upendra Rao A.,
Agricultural Research Station, Ragolu, Srikakulam District, A.P., India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/RACAS-V2/article/view/13071=

An Overview of Emerging Contaminants in Water Sources A Global Outlook | Book Publisher International

 Advance in methods of detection for some organic chemicals in water sources has steered the screening and quantification of high quantity of contaminants collectively with their end products, which formerly were not identified in water sources and are currently recognized as emerging contaminants. The accumulation and discovery of levels of these emerging contaminants in water sources has reduced water quality and made it risky for aquatic and human life. Exposure to these organic contaminants may trigger serious health effects. The aim of this book is to give a comprehensive review of global occurrence of emerging contaminants in various water sources such as surface water, groundwater, treated drinking water and wastewater influent and effluent. The book introduces audience to concepts of water sources, emerging contaminants, point sources and non-point sources of emerging contaminants. It offers a glimpse of international and South African case studies on the occurrence of emerging contaminants precisely herbicides, pharmaceutical, steroid hormones and personal care products in water sources as well as in wastewater treatment works. The analytical and removal methods of emerging contaminants in water sources are also covered. Moreover, information on possible environmental health impacts ensuing from exposure to emerging contaminants and their possible mitigation measures (such as classification and labelling methods; point source separation methods; regulating the release of emerging contaminants) are discussed. The occurrence of emerging contaminants around the world (Africa, America, Asia, Europe, and Oceania) is likely to upsurge in water sources and wastewater treatment works as a results of rise in population which is a public health concern. Therefore, more studies that report on the widespread of emerging contaminants in water sources, and their associated environmental health risks are needed to help regulators in establishing priority measures for management of water resources.

Author(s) Details:

Saheed Adeyinka Oke,
Civil Engineering Department, Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein, Free State, South Africa.

Innocent Mugudamani,
Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein, Free State, South Africa.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/AOECWSAGO/article/view/11866

Weed Management in Conservation Agriculture | Chapter 12 | Emerging Issues in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 6

 Given the current shortage of natural resources and the changeable nature of the climate, preservation agriculture (CA) is a efficient alternative. As a result, it is increasingly being used in rainfed extents to conserve soil and water. Herbicide use or manual destroy is both effective habits to manage the grass problem in CA. In conservation farming, weed control is considerably influenced by farming, crop establishment methods, apparatus, agronomic practices, etc. Conservation cultivation places a strong priority on capital preservation and prohibits the use of chemical compound. Under conservation agriculture, weeds maybe reduced by utilizing crop rotation, compatible type collection with optimum seed rates, farming with sufficient soil destroying, cover crops, and appropriate water management. In CA, the use of herbicides has raised because of high labor costs and proper unavailability. The sustainability of preservation agriculture can be revised by implementing joined weed management, as a sole herbicide cannot efficiently control a wide variety of weeds.

Author(s) Details:

Koushik Sar,
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.

Ipsita Padhi,
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/EIAS-V6/article/view/11428

Occurrence of Endocrine-disrupting Herbicides and Related Multiresidues in Natural Surface and Ground Waters from Aquifer: Control at Regulatory Levels by a Validated and Robust SPE-RP-HPLC-DAD Screening Approach| Chapter 6 | Progress in Chemical Science Research Vol.3

 A dependable and powerful logical technique consolidating disconnected strong stage extraction (SPE) and turned around stage elite execution fluid chromatography (HPLC) with diode cluster location (DAD), has been created for the concurrent assurance of six endocrine-disruptor herbicides, in particular two parent S-triazines and their major dealkylated and hydroxylated debasement items like atrazine (AT), simazine (SI), deisopropyl-atrazine (DIA), deethyl-atrazine (DEA), hydroxyl-atrazine (H-AT) and hydroxyl-simazine (H-SI), every one of them with herbicide action as well. As ideal circumstances were chosen a Kromasil C18 section as fixed stage and a combination of acetonitrile and phosphate cradle (pH 7.0) as versatile stage in a slope elution mode and 215 nm as frequency for optical location.

A past SPE step with a polymeric cartridge (Bond-Elut ENV-1000 mg) was completed to disengage and preconcentrate the looked for analytes before chromatographic examination giving in this way a high enhancement variable of up to 3333. The streamlined disconnected SPE HPLC-DAD strategy was submitted to a broad approval convention acquiring among different boundaries, exceptionally delicate constraints of evaluation, somewhere in the range of 81 and 100 ng L-1, which were from ten to thirty-crease lower than the permitted maximal sums for regular surface waters (1 and 3 g L-1 as ready and alert levels), as per momentum European Union orders. The unwavering quality was surveyed by a comprehensive heartiness assessment in view of Plackett-Burman fragmentary factorial model followed by Youden and Steiner factual treatment. At last, the proposed technique was effectively applied to the screening of herbicides in ground and normal surface water tests from various areas in the 23th spring (Albacete, Spain), with exceptional concentration to the hydroxylated corruption items, extremely normal and whose location has been

barely tended to up until this point, regardless of their herbicide action as well, justification for why they become a significant matter of examination.

Author(s) Details:

María Jesús Villaseñor Llerena,
Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Technology, Industrial Engineering School, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/PCSR-V3/article/view/7965