Impact of Bioscience and Biotechnology Developments on Increasing Agricultural Production | Chapter 1 | Research Advances and Challenges in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 7

The development of biosciences and biotechnology in agriculture has an impact on increasing agricultural production and livestock populations. The increase in food production, especially rice, was generated by the discovery of high-yielding varieties (HYVs), which are one of the five pillars of the Green Revolution. The Green Revolution that hit the world around the 1960s, especially in Latin America was marked by the discovery of superior varieties of corn and wheat in Mexico and soybeans in Brasilia. In Asia, especially in the IRRI-Philippines, IR-8 superior rice was found, so the annual rice production of the Philippines increased drastically, which made the Philippines the first rice exporter in the 20th century. India adopted and planted the IR-8 variety and managed to almost double the yield of rice agriculture, which made India one of the most successful rice producers in the world. Implementation of the Green Revolution in Indonesia by the New Order through a mass extension program (Bimas), one of the efforts of the five management programs was the use of High Yield Varieties (HYV) - Superior Varieties Resistant to Brown Planthoppers IR-26 and IR -36 in the 1980s, has significantly increased rice production, this is evidence of the successful application of bioscience and biotechnology.

Author(s) Details:

Made Antara,
Study Program of Agribusiness, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Udayana, Bali, Indonesia.

Made Sri Sumarniasih,
Study Program of Agroecotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Udayana, Bali, Indonesia.

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An Overview of Organic Agriculture: The Indian Scenario | Chapter 9 | International Research in Environment, Geography and Earth Science Vol. 4

 

India witnessed self-sufficiency in food production due to the grand success of Green revolution
introduced in 1960’s by the advent of the 20th century, the soil health was completely lost due to the
rampant use of the agrochemicals. Instead of undertaking a new anthropogenic venture to deal with
the problem, it was suggested that the farmers should go back to the arms of the nature and take up
organic farming to restore the loss. While few farmers readily took up this suggestion, some of them
showed a great deal of reluctance as the problems of productivity, costs and profits overshadowed
their decisions. Recent statistics point India to be amongst the top 10 countries, having maximum land
under organic cultivation. The organic market in India looks quite promising but it needs an additional
backup from the Indian government to combat the reluctance of Indian farmers towards organic
farming.

Author (s) Details

Dr. S. Roy
Department of Environmental Sciences, Savitribai Phule Pune University (Formerly University of Pune), Ganeshkhind, Pune- 411 007, India.

K. N. Dhumal
Department of Environmental Sciences, Savitribai Phule Pune University (Formerly University of Pune), Ganeshkhind, Pune- 411 007, India.

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