Improving Reading Skills for at-Risk Pupils in Early Grades in Tanzanian Primary Education through Dynamic Teaching and Assessment Strategy | Chapter 3 | An Overview of Literature, Language and Education Research Vol. 8

The study assessed the efficacy of the Dynamic Teaching and Assessment (DTA) strategy in improving reading skills for at-risk pupils’ early graders in Tanzania in selected primary schools in the Dodoma region. The randomized quantitative study was employed characterized by the pre-test and post-test research design. The test Battery constructed through Kiswahili language content was administered to 407 (234 grade one and 173 grade two girls) aged between eight (8) and nine (9) years old respectively. The pupils from both grades were divided into one experimental group and one control group. In grade one, 111 (55 boys; 56 girls) formed an experimental group; whereas, 123 (53 boys and 70 girls) formed the control group. In grade two, 102 (50 boys and 52 girls) formed the experimental group while 71 (36 boys and 35 girls) formed the control group. Both, the experimental and control groups for all the grades set for a pre-test in which their scores were recorded for the purpose of comparison in the post-testing. Both, the experimental and the control groups underwent training on Kiswahili language content for six weeks, whereby, the experimental groups received the training through DTA. A post-test was administered at the end of the sixth week for both groups.

Repeated ANOVA was used to determine the mean differences of the test scores of both the pretest and posttest of the grade one and two pupils. The analysis indicated that the experimental group in each grade improved their reading ability significantly compared to the control groups. The study concludes that the DTA as a teaching and assessment strategy was significantly effective in improving the at-risk pupils’ reading skills in the target language. The findings suggest that DTA be incorporated into reading instruction to benefit pupils who struggle with reading.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Salvius Kumburu
School of Educational Studies, University of Dodoma, Tanzania.

 

Tandika Pambas
School of Educational Studies, University of Dodoma, Tanzania.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/aoller/v8/3294

An Experimental Design of L-Asparaginase Excreted by Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Poincianella pyramidalis Rhizosphere | Chapter 2 | Current Strategies in Biotechnology and Bioresource Technology Vol. 3

 The L-Asparaginase enzyme (E.C. 3.5.1.1) present in humans, bacteria, fungi , plants and animals, is essential for the normal progress of the cell cycle. L-asparaginase is important for the treatment of Hodgkin's and leukaemia diseases. The genus Pseudomonas, which has the capacity to produce L-asparaginase type I and/or II, is among the bacteria that produce this enzyme. The aim of this study was to better understand the optimization and partial characterization parameters of lasparaginase secreted by Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from the Poincianella pyramidalis rhizosphere, a representative of the Brazilian Caatinga biome. A central experimental design compound (23) with four central points and variables pH values (4, 7 and 10), temperature (30 °, 40 ° and 10 °) was performed in the current study to optimise the production of L-asparaginase complex  (50 ° C) and L-asparagine concentrations (0.2 percent, 0.5 percent and 0.8 percent). Statistica software, version 7.0 (StatSoft Co., USA), enzymatic characterization at different pH values, temperatures, ions, substrates, and finally bacterial identification at morphological and molecular levels were evaluated later in the statistical analysis of the variables and variance (ANOVA) of the results. The results of the optimization of L-asparaginase activity assays were 0.8 percent, pH 4 and 30 ° C in the concentration of L-asparagine, with activity values of 0.5604 U / mL to 0.0632 mg protein / mL; the optimum pH of the enzyme was 7, 7, and 7, respectively. With the best 30 ° C activity. In different substrates such as Lglutamine, sodium nitrate (NaNO3), mercury chloride (HgCl2), magnesium chloride (MgCl2) and urea, L-Asparagine has shown a better effect. With regard to the identification of bacteria, rod-shaped bacteria with flagella and species level were designated as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The results of the characterised lasparaginase isolated from P. aeruginosa therefore revealed important data for the biotechnology industry, thus showing the feasibility and reliability of the study carried out.

Author(s) Details

Iasmim Lucas da Silva
Departamento de Antibióticos, Centro de Biociências (CB), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, UFPE, Avenida Arthur de Sá, S/N, Cidade Universitária, Recife, 50740-520, PE, Brazil.

Wellma de Oliveira da Silva
Departamento de Antibióticos, Centro de Biociências (CB), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, UFPE, Avenida Arthur de Sá, S/N, Cidade Universitária, Recife, 50740-520, PE, Brazil.

Leonor Alves de Oliveira da Silva
Departamento de Antibióticos, Centro de Biociências (CB), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, UFPE, Avenida Arthur de Sá, S/N, Cidade Universitária, Recife, 50740-520, PE, Brazil and Departamento de Biologia Molecular, Centro de Ciências Exatas e da Natureza, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Campus I, João Pessoa, 58051-900, PB, Brazil.

Luana Cassandra Breitenbach Barroso Coelho
Departamento de Bioquímica, CB, UFPE, Avenida Moraes Rego, S/N, Cidade Universitária, Recife, 50670-420, PE, Brazil.

View Book :- https://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/306