Retreat of the Shoreline in the Gulf of Castellammare di Stabia (Gulf of Napoli, Southern Italy) | Chapter 3 | Emerging Issues in Environment, Geography and Earth Science Vol. 6

 The results of this study have allowed to verify that longshore sediments transport along the coast of Napoli Gulf (southern Italy) takes place from Northwest to Southeast. The current analysis describes the results of an integrated sedimentological and geomorphological study of the neapolitan coastal area.

A sedimentological and morphosedimentary study was carried out by bathymetric survey and sampling of bottom sediments. The analysis of modal isodensity curves shows that all the sediments are moved by longshore currents parallel to the coastline from NW to SE.

The morphological evolution of Castellammare di Stabia Gulf coastal area, based on historical coastline changes, starts from 1865, when the sandy littoral was wide and in its natural state. Since the construction of the Torre Annunziata harbour in 1871, sediments carried by a NW-SE longshore drift have become trapped, inducing the genesis of a new wide triangular-shaped beach on the updrift side (NW) of the harbour breakwall.

This process induced a significant shoreline retreat of the littoral to SE, in the whole coastal physiographic unit of Castellammare di Stabia Gulf (delimited by two ports), slightly marked in the southern portion. We can note a slight rotation of the shoreline towards East and a general trend for regression, with typical overall accentuation of shoreline concavity, and significant widening of the triangular shaped-beaches at the end of the falcate. This reduced sediment input removed from the sedimentary budget a significant sediment share - hardly restorable due to the scarce solid contribution by the Sarno river and its tributaries.

 

  Author(s) Details:

 

Micla Pennetta (Associate Professor)
Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Napoli, Italy.

 

Giuseppe Pecoraro (Public Administration Officer)
Giunta Regione Lombardia, Milano, Italy.

 

Please see the book here: https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/eieges/v6/7142B

Retreat of the Shoreline in the Gulf of Castellammare di Stabia (Gulf of Napoli, Southern Italy) | Chapter 3 | Emerging Issues in Environment, Geography and Earth Science Vol. 6

The results of this study have allowed to verify that longshore sediments transport along the coast of Napoli Gulf (southern Italy) takes place from Northwest to Southeast. The current analysis describes the results of an integrated sedimentological and geomorphological study of the neapolitan coastal area.

A sedimentological and morphosedimentary study was carried out by bathymetric survey and sampling of bottom sediments. The analysis of modal isodensity curves shows that all the sediments are moved by longshore currents parallel to the coastline from NW to SE.

The morphological evolution of Castellammare di Stabia Gulf coastal area, based on historical coastline changes, starts from 1865, when the sandy littoral was wide and in its natural state. Since the construction of the Torre Annunziata harbour in 1871, sediments carried by a NW-SE longshore drift have become trapped, inducing the genesis of a new wide triangular-shaped beach on the updrift side (NW) of the harbour breakwall.

This process induced a significant shoreline retreat of the littoral to SE, in the whole coastal physiographic unit of Castellammare di Stabia Gulf (delimited by two ports), slightly marked in the southern portion. We can note a slight rotation of the shoreline towards East and a general trend for regression, with typical overall accentuation of shoreline concavity, and significant widening of the triangular shaped-beaches at the end of the falcate. This reduced sediment input removed from the sedimentary budget a significant sediment share - hardly restorable due to the scarce solid contribution by the Sarno river and its tributaries.

In addition to this new and important derived morphologic feature, other recent human interventions have contributed to further modifications of morphologic characteristics of emerged and submerged beach. The intense use of the territory caused modifications on the fluvial course and on the river mouth, with direct and indirect effects on the shoreline and the hydrographical reticulum of Sarno River.

Author(s) Details:

Giuseppe Pecoraro,
Giunta Regione Lombardia, Milano, Italy.

Micla Pennetta,
Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Napoli, Italy.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/EIEGES-V6/article/view/13064

Multiple Geomatic Techniques for Analyzing Coastline Retreat: The Case of Gerra Beach (Cantabrian Coast, Spain) | Chapter 5 | Newest Updates in Physical Science Research Vol. 8

 Strong winter storms batter the beaches of the Cantabrian coast (northern Spain), causing the coastline to recede. The coastal retreat of the Gerra beach (Cantabria) is investigated in this chapter through a diachronic study using the following geomatic techniques: orthophotography from 1956; photogrammetric flights from 2001, 2005, 2010, 2014, and 2017; LiDAR survey from August 2012; Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) survey from November 2018; and terrestrial laser scanner. TLS has made 17 observations. In this eight-year period (2012–2020), changes in volume of the beach and the sea cliff are determined throughout the winter (November–April) and summer (May–October) seasons, with a focus on their association with storms. The results of this analysis show that the cliff's base retreat is minor, but this is not the case for the cliff's top and existing beaches in the Cantabrian Sea, where the retreat is noticeable. Between 1956 and 2020, the retreat of the cliff top line in Gerra beach reached heights of more than 40 metres. During the same time span, other beaches around the Cantabrian Sea have receded by more than 200 metres. Our observations have bolstered inquiries into the retreat of cliffs on the Atlantic coast, where the cliff lithology diversity and the aggressive action of the sea (storms) have been responsible for active erosion on the cliff face. In addition, this study used geomatic techniques that became commercially available between 1956 and 2020, such as aerial photogrammetry, TLS, LiDAR, and UAV, and analysed the data to see how precise each method might be when applied to similar geomorphological structures. The combination of strategies, as well as their adaptation to the geomorphological peculiarities and orographic position of the beach, serve as a model for the regulation of beach dynamics and cliff retreat.

Author (S) Details

Dr. José Juan de Sanjosé Blasco
Departamento de Expresión gráfica, Escuela Politécnica, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain.

Enrique Serrano-Cañadas
Departamento de Geografía, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.

Manuel Sánchez-Fernández
Departamento de Expresión gráfica, Escuela Politécnica, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain.

Dr. Manuel Gómez-Lende
Departamento de Geografía, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.

Paula Redweik
Department of Engenharia Geográfica, Geofísica e Energia and Instituto Dom Luiz, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisbon, Portugal.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/NUPSR-V8/article/view/1756

Geomatics Techniques for Monitoring the Retreat of Coastal Sandy Systems: Somo Beach (Cantabrian Coast, Spain, 1875–2017) | Chapter 4 | Newest Updates in Physical Science Research Vol. 8

 Geomatics tools (historical cartography, photogrammetry, topography, and terrestrial laser scanning (TLS)) were used to examine the dynamics and evolution of a coastal sandy system over the last 142 years (1875–2017). The continuous beach–dune system is a particularly active restricting sand barrier that closes an estuary system where coastal infrastructure and dwellings are damaged. Historical cartography, digitalizing the 5-m-level curve on maps from 1875, 1908, 1920, 1950, and 1985; photogrammetric flights from 1985, 1988, and 2001 without calibration certificates, digitalizing only the upper part of the sandy front; and historical cartography, digitalizing the 5-m-level curve on maps from 1875, 1908, 1920, 1950, and 1985. Photogrammetric flights in 2005, 2007, 2010, and 2014, using photogrammetric restitution of the 5-m-level curve; topo-bathymetric profiles made monthly with a total station between 1988 and 1993; a terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) since 2011 using two annual measurements; and meteorological data from 1985 to 2017. Winter storms with big waves and swells greater than 6 m, combining with times with a high tidal range of over 100 and periods with a large number of intense storms, caused the sandy complex to retreat. Between December 2013 and March 2014, the retreat was 8 metres. At Somo Beach, the overall change in the coastline between 1875 and 2017 was roughly 415 metres of retreat. Between 1999 and 2014, erosive processes on the foredune resulted in the outcropping of the rock face becoming a continuous rocky cliff without sands. Combining geomatic approaches with future TLS data sets may increase our understanding of shoreline changes in the context of sea level and global changes, allowing us to better understand recent coastal evolution and its ramifications for the human environment. To understand the evolution and erosive rhythms on the foredune, the integration and complementarities of multiple methodologies and sources, such as historical mapping, photogrammetric flight series, and TLS, were quite valuable.

Author (S) Details

Dr. José Juan de Sanjosé Blasco
Departamento de Expresión gráfica, Escuela Politécnica, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain.

Dr. Manuel Gómez-Lende
Departamento de Geografía, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.

Manuel Sánchez-Fernández
Departamento de Expresión gráfica, Escuela Politécnica, Universidad de Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain.

Enrique Serrano-Cañadas
Departamento de Geografía, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/NUPSR-V8/article/view/1755