Potential of Fruit Peel Extracts in Dissolving Simulated Renal Stones in In vitro Conditions | Chapter 6 | Pharmaceutical Research - Recent Advances and Trends Vol. 3

Objective: The present study evaluates the antiurolithiatic activity of selected fruit peels on simulated renal stones in in vitro conditions.

Background: Fruit peels are discarded in the majority of common fruits even though they are found to be safe for consumption. Fruit peels are rich in antioxidants and are the best source of rough dietary fiber. Apple peel possesses a high content of phenolic compounds which imparts anti-proliferative activity [1] and antioxidant activity.

Methods: Simulated renal stones were prepared by homogenous precipitation method. The criterion selected was to estimate the amount of calcium oxalate remaining in the semi-permeable membranes by Kramer and Tisdal method with slight modification. A suitable media was provided by the TRIS buffer.

Results: The crude methanol extract of Musa sapientum exhibited the highest dissolution of calcium oxalate ie.9.15 mg and the percent dissolved was found to be 91.5% in comparison to Malus pumila methanol extract which dissolved 8.96 mg (89.6%) and Punica granatum methanol extract which dissolved 8.0 mg (80.0%). Its activity was comparable with that of the standard drug Tamsulosin hydrochloride (400 mg) with a percentage dissolved of about 90.5%. The expected mechanism for the phytoconstituents present in the tested extracts in the management of urolithiasis includes diuretic, antispasmodic, and antioxidant activity, as well as an inhibitory effect on crystallization, nucleation, and aggregation of crystals.

Conclusion: Experimental evidence showed that methanol and aqueous fruit peel extracts of Musa sapientum, Malus pumila, and Punica granatum possess potential antiurolithiatic activity. Their effect is found to be significant and the extracts can be used in the treatment of lithiasis. Further, in vivo studies are needed to give a strong scientific basis for these in vitro findings.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Karuna Sree Varicola
Department of Pharmacognosy, KVSR Siddhartha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vijayawada, India.

 

Amreen Siddiqua A.
KVSR Siddhartha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pinnamaneni Polyclinic Road, Siddhartha Nagar, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Keerthi Dintyala
KVSR Siddhartha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pinnamaneni Polyclinic Road, Siddhartha Nagar, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India.

 

Gandhi Ventrapati
KVSR Siddhartha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pinnamaneni Polyclinic Road, Siddhartha Nagar, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India.

 

Keerthi Dintyala

KVSR Siddhartha College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pinnamaneni Polyclinic Road, Siddhartha Nagar, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/prrat/v3/12349F

Determination of Toxic Impact of Dieffenbachia picta Leaves Extract on the Ratio of Death in the Termites' Workers Microcerotermes diversus (Silvestri)| Chapter 10 | Cutting Edge Research in Biology Vol. 4

 The present study focus utilizing Dieffenbachia picta as a planticide to be in a dispute or fight the termite a suggestion of correction the synthetic pesticides on account of allure project in killing the bug employees by way of allure very toxic compounds (N = 80) containing hexane, phenols, benzene and bug-fatally carboxylic acids. Effects of the extract acquired from the Dieffinbachia picta leaves were checked on the pest workers of Microcerotermes diversus utilizing four situations (T) containing 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% by spraying. The results presented humanness rate in the termite peasants at various periods momentary. T100% written the chief mortality rates (8%, 8.67% and 9%) following in position or time 24, 48 and 72 hours individually, while the minimum humanness in the bug traders was recorded at T 25% as 1.7%, 2.3% and 3.7% later 24, 48 and 72 hours individually. According to results of the study, skilled is a attainable advantage of the poisonous characteristics of D. picta leaves a suggestion of choice and active plant pesticides for fighting the termite of M. diversus. The poisonous features of D. picta has few meaningful distinctnesses in the M. diversus mortality rate, that therefore manifolded by growing the extract aggregation and the event of exposure, therefore the connection was direct. D. picta maybe saw all at once of the active fundamentals of biocontrol in the fighting the termites when acting in spraying designs.

Author(s) Details:

Sundus Hussein Alwan,
Department of Biology, College of Education, University of Samarra, Iraq.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CERB-V4/article/view/9273

Effect of Diet on the Tendency for Stone Formation in Patients with Calcium Oxalate Stones in the Urinary Tract| Chapter 5 | Current Topics on Chemistry and Biochemistry Vol. 7

 Patients accompanying emergent calcium oxalate grains should trail a depressed-oxalate diet to prevent repetition. The aim concerning this study on patients accompanying calcium oxalate metals search out study the impact of able to be consumed calcium content on the formation of calcium oxalate crystal in excretion utilizing an artificial supersaturation study of new postprandial urine samples and to obey the plant structure of the crystal made utilizing reverse optical microscopy. The study was created as a potential interventional randomized crossover dispassionate trial accompanying periodic measures. Sixty patients accompanying calcium oxalate metals and no metabolic irregularities in excretion were acted with lithotripsy at a after second care center from May 2016 to May 2019. Following a 14-time journey fast, excretion samples were calm afterwards the patient was given either a reduced or extreme-calcium food for brunch, understood by a high-oxalate food four hours later.The ocular bulk principles and calcium-creatinine percentage of excretion samples obtained following a extreme calcium food are considerably above those acquired following a low calcium food (p<0.001). These findings were mirrored in the breadth, shape, and number of made crystals. During a supersaturation study of postprandial excretion samples following a extreme-oxalate diet, no crystal were made when excretion calcium levels were depressed. Kidney stone result is extensively affected by a extreme calcium consumption in the diet. Even when consuming a extreme-oxalate diet, a reduced-calcium food has a lower risk of provoking kind stones.

Author(s) Details:

Jim Joe,
Department of Biochemistry, Government Medical College Kottayam, Kerala, India.

Sathish Kumar Gopala,
Department of Urology, Government Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CTCB-V7/article/view/9227