Dielectric Properties of PVK and Ferrocene-Doped Thin Films: A Study of Electric Conduction Modulation | Chapter 6 | Current Perspective to Physical Science Research Vol. 7

This article discusses the dielectric properties of poly (9-vinylcarbazole) (PVK) and ferrocene-doped PVK thin films. The article discusses the preparation of the thin films and the measurement of their dielectric properties as a function of ferrocene concentration, frequency, and temperature. The poly (N-vinyl carbazole) (PVK) is a well-known hole transport polymer; therefore, this material is suitable for clarifying the effect of the injected holes on the breakdown process in polymer thin film. The thin films were grown by the isothermal solution casting technique. Dielectric properties of grown films were studied as function of ferrocene concentration, frequency, and temperature. The relative permittivity  (ε')  is increased with increasing ferrocene percentage (~1%) due to the free charge carriers. The relative permittivity decreases for higher ferrocene percentage (~2%). However, the relative permittivity of PVK and ferrocene-doped PVK samples remains almost constant for studied temperature range (313–413 K).  The frequency dependence of tan σ  for all samples is studied. The frequency dependence of dielectric parameter exhibits frequency dispersion behavior, which suggests all types of polarization present in the lower frequency range. The loss tangent (tan σ) values are larger at higher temperatures in the low frequency region. However, the tan σ values at different temperatures are almost similar in the high frequency region. It is observed that the relative permittivity is maximum, dielectric loss is minimum, and AC conductivity is minimum for 1% ferrocene doped PVK as compared to pure PVK and 2% ferrocene doped PVK samples. The temperature effect is more pronounced in the low-frequency region. The conductivity of PVK is increased as the ferrocene dopant concentration of increases up to 2%. The higher conductivity is related to the additional hopping sites for the charge carriers.

Author(s) Details:

Hari Chandra Nayak,
Department of Physics, Govt. P. G. College Jobat, Alirajpur 457990, India.

Shivendra Singh Parmar,
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Shri Krishna University, Chhatarpur 471001, India.

Rajendra Prasad Kumhar,
Department of Physics, Maharaja Chhatrasal Bundelkhan University, Chhatarpur 471001, India.

Shailendra Rajput,
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CPPSR-V7/article/view/13454

Specific Activity of Amylase and Activation Energy Required for the Activity and Q10 Values in Different Temperature Regimes in Telescopium telescopium | Chapter 5 | Cutting Edge Research in Biology Vol. 9

 This branch aimed to decide the specific venture of amylase, activation energy necessary for the activity and Q10 principles indifferent temperature regimes.  Enzyme beginning amylase was purified to the electrophoretic uniformity from hepatopancreas of Telescopium telescopium by ammonium sulphate fractionation procedures, being apart and chromatographic procedure. Specimens of Telescopium telescopium were composed from Mandovi estuary, Choraon Islands, Goa all along 2004 to 2006. Each animal was opened by way of bone machine for cutting grass aseptically. The present investigation shows that the strength of activation almost waited the same at 40-60oC except for a temperature range of 30-40oC it was second maximal to that obtained at 10-20oC. Purified catalyst had the activity equivalent to 42.12 μ mol/mg/brief time period. Samples were collected from Choraon Islands of Goa State all the while 2004-2006. Energy of Activation was maximum between hotnesses 10⁰ C - 20⁰ C,187.38 ±10.43 J/mol; at 60⁰ C to 70⁰ C it was equivalent to about 154 J/mol. Q10 value was chief at a temperature range of 10⁰ C to 20⁰ C and the catalyst velocity raised by a determinant of 0.065 ± 0.009. The energy of incitement for amylases on an average is 163.83±3.33 Jules/mol and this is probably the first report on strength of activation necessity of amylases from any invertebrate studied up until now. As the temperature range was raised beyond 20⁰ C until 70⁰ C, the lowest Q10 worth was obtained at a hotness range of 60⁰ C to 70⁰ and it was equivalent to 0.001 ±0.00. The results of the experiment signify that the successive rise in hotness the Q10 values of α-amylases of Telescopium telescopium lower afterward.

Author(s) Details:

Sharvari Nilesh Kudtarkar,
Department of Zoology, Goa University, Taleigao Plateau, Goa-403 206, India.

Prakash V. Desai,
Department of Zoology, Goa University, Taleigao Plateau, Goa-403 206, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CERB-V9/article/view/11176