Determining the effects of Climate Change on Water Quality of Pátzcuaro and El Sol Lakes in Mexico| Chapter 9 | Challenging Issues on Environment and Earth Science Vol. 7

A comparison of precipitation and temperature records from Pátzcuaro meteorological stations (070 and 16087) from 1921 to 1960 (initial period; 39 years of records) and 1973 to 2007 (postterior period; 34 years of records) revealed a climate change according to the Köppen classification. These climate variations are also seen at the Nevado de Toluca Station (15062) during the years 1964-1985 (initial period; 21 years of records) and 1986-2008 (posterior era; 22 years of records). Significant changes in time were seen in the box plots for precipitation, evaporation, observed temperature, air minimum and maximum, Student's "t" test, regression analysis, and linear correlation. Due to agriculture, livestock, forestry, fishing, tourist, trade, and cyanobacterial blooms, records from 2006 to 2011 for Pátzcuaro Lake revealed considerable changes in various physicochemical variables. The physicochemical changes in El Sol Lake over time were linked to tourism, livestock activities, and phytoplankton biomass; variations in both lakes were linked to anthropic and climatic effect through changes in meteorological variables. A drop in maximum depth, surface area, length, and width was linked to an increase in turbidity in the Pátzcuaro and El Sol lakes. Between the original and subsequent eras, the heat balance of water changed due to variations in air temperature, precipitation, runoff, and evaporation, resulting in an increase in nutrients and phytoplankton biomass, as well as climate change. For each lake habitat, a management strategy (reforestation, wetlands building, water lily harvest, agricultural activity regulation, residential, urban, tourist, and industrial waste) is advised.


Author (S) Details

González-Villela Rebeca
Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua. Paseo Cuauhnáhuac 8532. Progreso. Jiutepec, Morelos. México.


Banderas Tarabay Alfonso Guillermo
Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua. Paseo Cuauhnáhuac 8532. Progreso. Jiutepec, Morelos. México.

Sánchez Chávez José Javier
Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua. Paseo Cuauhnáhuac 8532. Progreso. Jiutepec, Morelos. México.


Bravo Inclán Luis Alberto
Instituto Mexicano de Tecnología del Agua. Paseo Cuauhnáhuac 8532. Progreso. Jiutepec, Morelos. México.

 

Reporting the Homosexuality and HIV/AIDS, Case of the HIV Excellency Center, Lubumbashi University, DR Congo | Chapter 9 | Challenges in Disease and Health Research Vol. 4

 In most African countries, homosexuality is not recognised. In the African background, this is also the case of DR Congo, governed by the faith and practise of religious morality and the practises of our venerated ancestors. The aim of this study is to show the vulnerability in our field of men having sex with men ( MSM) to HIV / AIDS. An observation was performed at the Lubumbashi University Excellence Center, where four open community MSMs have been monitored for two years. They have been checked for their commitment to medication, clinical and biological backgrounds, and their integration. It results in the majority of MSM hiding behind bisexuality and only a handful of them publicly declaring themselves as such and having access to the care services available. The stigma attached to HIV infection has left an indelible mark in our setting, and in a social context strongly affected by religion, the homosexual community is not spared, already indexed, as mysterious, ritualistic, The trends and customs. Despite challenging working conditions, the Center of Excellence provides holistic treatment, hiring MSM is not easy in the context of political and social homophobia, and the issue is important to talk about the tolerance and respect due to each person to live his life and his choice because stigma and silence destroy.

Author(s) Details

Katabwa Kabongo Joe
Center of Excellence of HIV/AIDS, University of Lubumbashi, DR Congo.

Kanyinda Emery
Center of Excellence of HIV/AIDS, University of Lubumbashi, DR Congo.

Makoy Erick

Center of Excellence of HIV/AIDS, University of Lubumbashi, DR Congo.

Marcel Kayembe
Center of Excellence of HIV/AIDS, University of Lubumbashi, DR Congo.

Tavele Shungu Junior
Center of Excellence of HIV/AIDS, University of Lubumbashi, DR Congo.

Nkokesha Kabongo
Berea Government Hospital, Lesotho.

Wembo Nyama Stanis
Center of Excellence of HIV/AIDS, University of Lubumbashi, DR Congo.

View Book :- https://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/287

Comparing Gully Length and Average Gully Width Relationships on Two Geological Sediments of Varying Vulnerability to Erosion in the North Central Nigeria: A Recent Study | Chapter 8 |Recent Advances in Science and Technology Research Vol. 1

Gully erosion is an environmental problem that confronts the international community. This study was undertaken to investigate the relationships between gully length and average gully width on two geological sediments of varying resistance to erosion. Thirty-seven and five gully samples formed respectively on two homogenous geological sediments (the Ajalli Sandstones (AS) and the Upper Coal Measures (UCM)) underlying the Idah-Ankpa Plateau of the North Central Nigeria were measured and their lengths (L) and average widths (W) were subjected to correlation analyses and the sample bivariate regression to examine and compare their relationships on the two formations.  Results show that on the highly erodible AS, L is positively, poorly, and not significantly correlated with W (R = 0.201, R2 = 0.040), whereas the correlation is stronger, significant, but negative at the 0.05 level on the UCM (R = -0.930, R2 = 0.865). The regression equations show that L is a poor predictor of W on the AS (W1 = 6.387 + 0.03L1, R2 = 0.040), and a very good predictor of the parameter (W) on the UCM (W2=18.135 – 0.033L2, R2 = 0.865), which appears as a negative value. And the valid range of gully lengths for the prediction of the average width on the AS can be ranked as 0 = L < ∞  (infinity), whereas the ranking is of the form 0 ≤ L ≤ 549.55 m on the UCM.  The study suggests that the correlation of W with L becomes stronger, negative and significant as the resistance to erosion of the geological sediments increases. It also suggests that the predictability of W using L as a tool improves and transforms to a negative value as the resistance to erosion of the formation increases. 

Author(s) Details

Dr. Louis A. Oparaku
Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria.

View Book: - http://bp.bookpi.org/index.php/bpi/catalog/book/175