Preoperative Gabapentinoids Reduce Postoperative Pain in Lumbar Narrow Canal Surgery | Chapter 2 | Achievements and Challenges of Medicine and Medical Science Vol. 7

The success of pre-emption depends on the strategy pertaining to the choice of agent and when and how to use it. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of preemptive analgesia regarding postoperative pain management in lumbar spinal stenosis surgery. Postoperative pain arises through multiple physiological and pathological mechanisms, including nociceptive inputs resulting from incision and peripheral and central sensitization via nerve growth factor, cytokines, and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor. On the other hand, surgical insult and nerve damage caused by surgical removal are the basis of postoperative acute pain. Preventive analgesia provided neuroprotection in addition to reducing postoperative pain. The use of an analgesic drug before the onset of a painful stimulus is known as preemptive analgesia. It prevents the formation of altered afferent input processing, which worsens post-operative pain. The use of gabapentinoids (e.g. gabapentin/pregabalin) in acute pain has become more prevalent, particularly in enhanced recovery protocols. Initial studies indicated improved postoperative pain relief and reduced opioid use, but this was traded against an increased risk of sedation. Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) relates to the gradual narrowing of the spinal canal which causes discomfort in walking. In conclusion, the preoperative oral administration of gabapentin or pregabalin may reduce postoperative pain, delay the pain medication requirement, and decrease the overall usage of analgesics in patients undergoing lumbar canal stenosis surgery.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Cengiz Mordeniz
Department of Anesthesiology, Tekirdag Namik Kemal University, 59030 Suleymanpasa, Turkey.

 

Fatma Ozdemir
Kumru State Hospital, 52800 Ordu, Turkey.

 

Numan Karaarslan
Department of Neurosurgery, Halic University, 34060 Istanbul, Turkey.

 

Ilker Yildirim
Department of Anesthesiology, Tekirdag Namik Kemal University, 59030 Suleymanpasa, Turkey.

 

Mahluga Jafarova Demirkapu
Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Tekirdag Namik Kemal University, 59030 Suleymanpasa, Turkey.

 

Makbule Cavidan Arar
Department of Anesthesiology, Tekirdag Namik Kemal University, 59030 Suleymanpasa, Turkey.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/acmms/v7/2909

Pain: A Disease in Its Own Right | Chapter 9 | Disease and Health: Research Developments Vol. 3

Pain is a subjective perception and is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage. Acute Pain and Chronic Pain are the two types of pain categorized based on duration and aetiology. Acute Pain is self-limiting, indicates tissue injury, and lasts less than 30 days, whereas chronic Pain is multifactorial, progressive and associated with disability and vegetative responses and lasts longer than three months. Nociceptive pain is due to tissue injury; and the pain signalling pathway remain intact, whereas neuropathic pain is due to nerve injury and pain arises as a direct consequence of a lesion or disease affecting the somatosensory system. According to recent data from IASP and EFIC, one in five people have moderate to severe chronic pain, and one in three find it more difficult or impossible to lead an independent life as a result of their pain. Understanding whether pain is a symptom or a disease helps healthcare providers diagnose and treat the root cause effectively. It's essential for individuals experiencing pain to seek medical advice for proper evaluation and management.

 

Author (s) Details

 

Sanjay Piplani
Department of Pathology, Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Amritsar, India.

 

Monika Lalit
Department of Anatomy, Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Amritsar, India.

 

Niharika Piplani
Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Amritsar, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/dhrd/v3/3852