Seasonal Occurrence of Spotted Pod Borer (Maruca vitrata F.) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) in Indian Bean and Correlation with Meteorological Aspects | Chapter 7 | Current Research Progress in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 4

 

Aim: The present study aimed to highlight the population dynamics of spotted pod borer infesting Indian beans in relation to weather parameters.

Background: The indiscriminate use of chemical pesticides by legume growers necessitates the exploration of alternative, sustainable pest management strategies. To develop such strategies, it is inevitable to understand the pest population and its dynamics.

Methodology: The study was conducted at a College farm at Navsari Agricultural University during Rabi of 2022-23 and 2023-24. 50 plants were randomly selected from the net plot area. The observations on the number of larvae per plant and per cent pod damage were counted. The weekly mean observation made on insect pests was subjected to Pearson’s correlation coefficient analysis. Also, correlation analysis was conducted for the data of per cent pod damage with weather parameters.

Results: The larval population, in the year 2022-23 started from 51st SMW. The peak activity was observed in the 4th SMW when 6.46 larvae/plant population was recorded which coincided with the peak flowering stage. During the second season (the year 2023-24) also, the pest population started from 51st SMW with a pest population of 0.8 larvae/plant. The peak pest population was observed on the 4th SMW with 6.84 larvae/plant. The pod damage started from the 2nd SMW with 10.05 per cent and gradually increased. The peak was recorded in the 12th SMW, highest pod damage was observed at 55.89 per cent. Similar to the previous year, the pod damage was recorded from the 2nd SMW with 11.67 per cent, and the peak was seen in the 8th SMW with 56.63 per cent damage. The correlation of a number of larvae per plant with maximum (r=-0.63), minimum (r=-0.62), average temperature (r=-0.74), and average vapour pressure (r=-0.59) showed a significantly negative correlation. During the years 2023-24, minimum (r=-0.637) and average temperature (r=-0.610) showed a significant negative correlation. In the case of pod damage, it was revealed that maximum temperature (r=0.58) and bright sunshine hours (BSSH) (r=0.59) exhibited a significant positive correlation with pod damage per cent, in the year 2022-23. A similar trend was seen in years 2023-24 where maximum temperature (r=0.692) and BSSH (r=0.787) showed a significant positive correlation.

Conclusion: Temperature and to some extent vapour pressure play a significant role in the population fluctuation of spotted pod borer in Indian beans. The correlation of per cent pod damage to the weather parameters suggested that maximum temperature had a significant negative effect, while, bright sunshine hours had a significant positive effect. This knowledge will enable the farmers to keep track of the said pest according to the changing climate.

 

Author (s) Details

Singh, N. A.
Department of Entomology, N. M. College of Agriculture, Navsari Agricultural University, India.

 

Pandya, H. V.
Department of Entomology, N. M. College of Agriculture, Navsari Agricultural University, India.

 

Patel, S. R.
Department of Entomology, N. M. College of Agriculture, Navsari Agricultural University, India.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/crpas/v4/2681

Development of Protected Underwater Landscapes Network's in the Black and Azov Seas | Chapter 8 | Emerging Issues in Environment, Geography and Earth Science Vol. 5

 This division concerned with the development of a inclusive methodology to demonstrate a MPAs (marine protected districts) network in the Black Sea and Azov Expanse region. The Russian terrestrial science school has made important progress in the development of methods of complex terrestrial studies of underwater countrysides and their classifications. The MPAs network is a sophisticated system of countryside zoning and plan, defining their sustainability, variability, and geo-environmental state, and taking into consideration an evaluation of the undersea countryside's degradation over the past centennial. These claims are supported by scientific evidence. In accordance with our classification, terrestrial zoning of the Azov-Black Lake basin—the MBNCs zoning map was founded with scale of 1:1,250,000. Established the developed classification and design of the Black and Azov Seas MBNCs with various hierarchical levels of the physiographic edging, following methodology could be submitted for the development of an ecological network for MPAs. In accordance with the ecosystem approch projected by MPAs, a map was created. In the Azov-Dark Sea physiographic country example of disgraced MBNCs requiring necessary conservation measures are Zernov Phyllophora Field, oyster beds; MBNCs complicated mussels biocenoses (Mytilus galloprovincialis), MBNCs, employed biocenoses eelgrass (Zostera noutii); MBNCs Mediterranean eel residences (Conger conger), MBNCs of species listed operating at a loss Book, and estuary zone Kuban waterway Kuban to restore communities of commercial fish variety, the MBNC, commonly used types of sturgeon for augmenting, wintering, training, and transit. This study showed that the experimental basis for the justification of locating a network of MPA is a complex project including countryside zoning and mapping, habitual by the analysis of the main elements of the MBNCs indicators that decide their variability, stability, and geo-environmental condition.

Author(s) Details:

Natalia Mitina,
Institute of Water Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119333, Russia.

Katerina Chuprina,
Institute of Water Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119333, Russia.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/EIEGES-V5/article/view/12704

Study about Fractals Dynamics and Designs| Chapter 3 | Current Overview on Science and Technology Research Vol. 2

 The strong yet unnoticed field of fractals is concentrated on here by the creator alongside its set of experiences and past applications. Fractal elements and configuration is a complete high level branch which helps in the investigation of self-association in nature as well as shows a fluctuated applications. Creator here likewise attempted to create and work out the surface region of an imperceptibly developing fractal with its overall articulation. The endless surface region limited in noticeably limited district is the striking property of a fractal which can be utilized to make sense of even the presence of dark openings might be in future. The proposed section is to expand another fractal planned with its particulars and to propose a reasonable record which might require hypothetical and useful confirmations later on.

Author(s) Details:

Bhakti Parag Rajvaidya,
G H Raisoni College of Engineering, Nagpur, India.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/COSTR-V2/article/view/7985

A Study of the Weather Variability Influence on Occurrence and Damages of Mononychellus tanajoa Bonder (Acarina: Tetranychidae) on Selected Cassava Varieties in the Lake Zone, Tanzania | Chapter 9 | Cutting-edge Research in Agricultural Sciences Vol. 13

During the dry seasons of 2015 and 2016, a study was undertaken in Tanzania's Lake Zone, which is the country's main cassava producer. Its goal was to determine the impact of weather variables on the incidence of Cassava green mites (CGM), Mononychellus tanajoa, on regularly produced cassava types and the damages they inflict. Cassava is a staple food for 200 million Africans living in poverty, as well as a significant source of employment and revenue, particularly for small and medium-sized businesses. The studies were set up in a Split plot design, with subplots representing varieties and main plots representing localities. Ukiruguru, Ng'ombe, and Kishiri were the three places, with the first two in Misungwi and the third in Kwimba districts. The natural occurrence of M. tanajoa infestation was allowed. In both years, the population of mites and the amount of damage caused by them differed significantly (P0.05) among cultivars, data collecting dates, and locations. In general, the highest population of M. tanajoa was found in Kwimba in 2015 and Ukiruguru in 2016, while the lowest was found in N'gombe in both years. Both seasons, Ukiriguru had the highest root yield. The most susceptible kinds in both years were Liongo Kwimba and Naliendele, whereas Suma and Kyaka were reported to have tolerated/resisted the pest. In all seasons, rainfall, relative humidity, and temperature all played a role in M. tanajoa's survival, propagation, and harm.

Author (S) Details

B. S. Wudil
Department Crop Protection, Bayero University, Kano, P.M.B. 3011, Kano, Nigeria and Department of Crop Science and Horticulture, Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA), P.O.Box 3005, Morogoro, Tanzania.

G. M. Rwegasira
Department of Crop Science and Horticulture, Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA), P.O.Box 3005, Morogoro, Tanzania.

A. B. Kudra
Department of Crop Science and Horticulture, Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA), P.O.Box 3005, Morogoro, Tanzania.

S. Jeremiah
Lake Zone Agricultural Research and Development Institute (LZARDI), Ukiruguru, Lake Zone, P.O.Box 1433, Mwanza, Tanzania.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/CRAS-V13/article/view/3820