Landschaphilia: A Western Perspective of the Origins of Human Delight in Landscape Beauty| Chapter 2 | New Horizons of Science, Technology and Culture Vol. 7

 

Landscape preferences provide a means for quantifying a person’s judgement of the aesthetic qualities and are based primarily on the landscape as perceived by sight, although this may be supplemented by sounds and even smells detected by one’s olfactory system. Landscape preference is undoubtedly not simply a function of some innate preference. Experience clearly has a profound influence on human perception and preference. Only a few studies have commented on the multifaceted origins of landscape preferences. This chapter identifies the various influences of Western aesthetic preferences of landscapes in answer to the question, why do humans find landscapes attractive? A four-level model of influences is proposed, based on the innate or evolutionary influences applicable to all humanity, through the cultural and the societal, to the individual. The study is confined to Western perspectives of landscape aesthetics. At the innate level are landscape theories that postulate the reasons why humans find landscapes attractive, the philosophical underpinnings of human delight in landscapes, and the Gestalt influence on preferences. The cultural influence comprises the legend of Arcadia and the Golden Age, classicism, teleology, landscape painting, and the emergence of the sublime, the beautiful, the picturesque, and Romanticism. At the societal level are the artistic pursuits of landscape painting and the development of parks and gardens. Also at the societal level is Western society’s attitude to mountains, which changed radically in the 17th century. Individuals are influenced by psychoanalytical pressures on the subconscious, by unconscious experiences in infancy, such as a human’s preference for water, for which the paper offers a novel explanation (prenatal amniotic fluid imprint), and by the influence of neuroaesthetics, which analyses how the brain responds to aesthetic objects. Finally, research on landscape preferences over 50 years provides insights into the influence of landscape components, reflecting the influence of the innate, cultural, and societal factors. The combined realms of influence of each of these factors are hypothesised to explain human responses to landscapes. These offer potentially fruitful areas for research.

 

 

Author(s) Details

Andrew Lothian
Independent Researcher, Adelaide 5061, Australia.

 

Please see the book here :- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/nhstc/v7/6870

Renovation Urban Spaces as an Open-Air Museum in Heritage Districts Cairo- Egypt as Study Areas| Chapter 8 | Techniques and Innovation in Engineering Research Vol. 8

 The aim of this study search out solidify the idea of tradition interest and the culture of open rooms. Cairo, Egypt, has a rich heritage spread across many different neighbourhoods apart from its compact city design and lack of open spaces. After establishing the character standards for tradition spaces, the research concentrated on suggesting regions that can be contained as an open-air museum by giving their value elements and integrating bureaucracy with their urban surroundings without obstruct this experience.Global urbanization is an unabating flow. To ensure that nobody is left out of cities, tactics, services, scenes, and structures and to provide public with better atmospheres and more opportunities, vibrant centers should be tenable and inclusive. Cities and public areas concede possibility be aesthetically pleasing to nation of all ages. To adapt to the needs of the people, more varied and adaptable public rooms must be designed. The study urged paying attention to the heritage districts and buildings situated in different areas in Egypt, that have been ignored for many years, and maximizing the use of them by adapting them into open museums in a habit that enhances human health and builds open-air outlets in places and capitals.

Author(s) Details:

Walaa Hussein Hussein Hanafi,
Department of Architecture Engineering, Pyramids Higher Institute for Engineering and Technology, Giza, Egypt.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/TAIER-V8/article/view/9428