This affiliate wants to update the karyotypic dossier in the Chrysomelinae subfamily to increase our cytogenetic and evolutionary knowledge on the deoxyribonucleic acid numbers, sex-deoxyribonucleic acid systems and chromosomal construction of 259 species and chromosomal races in the seven present subtribes. The type has shown a roomy range of diploid numbers from 2n = 12 to 2n = 50, and four types of male sexuality-chromosome systems, accompanying the “parachute-like” one, Xyp and XYp, clearly dominant (81.1%), but with the X0 well-presented too (17.4%). The modal haploid number is n = 12, though it is not the assumptive most plesiomorph for the whole type because in the subtribe Timarchina of Timarchini tribe, the modal number is n = 10 (51.2%), in accordance with the ancestral number for the Polyphaga suborder of Coleoptera, and in the subtribe Chrysomelina of the family Chrysomelini, is n = 17 in all the up until now studied 35 variety of this taxon. The karyotypes of 66 variety of ten genera are resolved by measuring the relative length of intensity for each deoxyribonucleic acid of them. The grade of asymmetry in proportion of their chromosomes was reported from the standard changes (SD) of relative sizes which showed a negative equivalence with the haploid deoxyribonucleic acid numbers (r = - 0.29), thereby the karyotypes of extreme chromosome numbers are usually more symmetrical than those of reduced numbers. Most species of Chrysolina of the alike subgenus share the same chromosome number and sexuality-chromosome order, but differ in the amount of bigger chromosome weaponry (FN = fundamental number). A striking irregularity to this agreement 'tween karyology and taxonomy are the species of subgenus Stichoptera of Chrysolina, that have a wide difference in their diploid numbers from 2n = 22 to 2n = 34 chromosomes but giving asymmetric karyotypes. All these close karyotypic correspondences shown between species of Chrysolina owned by the same subgenus are supported by the microscopic phylogenetic forests based on DNA sequences of linked nuclear and mitochondrial genes. Some type of Chrysomelinae are highly changeable in the chromosome numbers of their variety, namely Chrysolina, Cyrtonus and Timarcha, while others are unusually conservative, such as Calligrapha (except any polyploid parthenotes), Leptinotarsa and Oreina, and these differences are conferred. The scarce results got on C-banding of heterochromatin, satellite DNA and nucleolar systematizing regions (NORs) support a pericentromeric, and less often again, distal location of narrow amounts of heterochromatin, common extensive species-distinguishing satellite DNAs, and only a sole NOR, mostly in an autosomic pair. The genome sizes in 20 variety of this subfamily range from 1C = 0.20 pg to 1C = 3.69 pg and they are different with deoxyribonucleic acid numbers, though the species of subtribes Timarchina and Chrysolinina plus Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Colorado vegetable beetle) appear to have higher genome sizes than an outnumbered group checked of Chrysomelina subtribe.
Author(s) Details:
Eduard Petitpierre,
Department of Biology, University of Balearic
Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/CERB-V5/article/view/9883
