When the underlying strata have a high seismic velocity, such as basalt, salt, and carbonates, hydrocarbon exploration might be problematic. Carbonates make up a large portion of the world's reservoirs. As a result, lateral mapping of the reservoir is difficult, and developing carbonate reservoirs is costly. To better image the fluid, we propose using the controlled source electromagnetic (CSEM) approach. Magnetotellurics, a passive approach, is widely utilised in Southeast Asia [1], but they are less sensitive to deep subsurface resistivity fluctuations than CSEM. In the 1980s, pioneering work with CSEM was done in Australia and Europe [2], where it was utilised to map resistive reservoirs and carbonates. Since then, equipment and modelling methodologies have vastly improved, and the problem has been tackled in a more cost-effective manner, resulting in a large reduction in exploration costs. We were able to remove near-surface abnormalities and reveal the deep reservoir target and its lateral variations utilising a new differential measurement methodology and a 3-dimensional (3D) anisotropic model derived from well logs and 3D modelling. As a result, we have a cost-effective answer for many carbonate exploration and production issues.
Author (s) Details
K. Strack
KMS Technologies, Houston, Texas, USA.
S. Davydycheva
KMS Technologies, Houston, Texas, USA.
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