Effect of Dietary Inclusion Levels of Tigernut (Cyperus esculentus Lativum) on the Growth Performance of African Catfish, Clarias gariepinus Fingerlings | Chapter 10 | Agricultural Sciences: Techniques and Innovations Vol. 3

 

Tigernuts are tubers of a stem, which have been recognised for their health benefits. They are high in fibre, proteins, and natural sugars. Clarias gariepinus, the African catfish, is an omnivorous freshwater fish which is a popular delicacy in Nigeria. It is a prominent culture species because of its fast growth rate and resistance to diseases and stress factors like over-stocking and poor water quality. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the Effect of dietary inclusion levels of Tigernut (Cyperus esculentus L.) on the Growth Performance of Clarias gariepinus Fingerlings. The growth performance of the African catfish, Clarias gariepinus, fed with different inclusion levels of processed tiger nut was studied for 168 days (24 weeks). A total of 144 catfish fingerlings with 0.66±0.12 g mean weight and 3.45±0.24 cm mean total length were collected from the University of Calabar Fish Farm, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria. Eighteen (18) rectangular plastic tanks were used for this study. Tigernut seeds (Cyperus esculentus) were purchased in Bogobiri, Calabar, Cross River State. The tiger nut seeds were sundried for fourteen (14) days prior to milling to produce tigernut meal. The drying process was done to reduce excess moisture so as to prevent unpleasant smell, stale taste and growth of fungus, as well as to minimise the presence of cyanogenic glycosides. The dried nuts were ground into fine powder and analysed for proximate composition in the Department of Biochemistry, University of Calabar. A Complete Randomised Block Design (CRBD) consisting of 18 treatments was adopted for the study. Triplicate culture tanks in treated (L25-L100) and control groups (L0 and Ac) were stocked with eight fingerlings per square meter, respectively. Weight gain, specific growth rate (SGR), feed efficiency (FE) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) of catfish in different treatments were estimated. Five isonitrogenous diets were formulated to contain 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% tiger nuts to replace an equal weight of fish meal. Commercial fish feed (Coppens) was used as a control feed. All the diets were fed to the catfish fingerlings in triplicate for 24 weeks. The results revealed that the optimum requirement of tiger nut level in the formulation of practical diets for improved growth of C. gariepinus was 25% having the highest mean weight gain (42.3±0.68) and feed efficiency (23.50±0.18). Therefore, it is concluded that tigernut is a good plant-based ingredient for aquaculture feed, and tigernut meal could be incorporated in the C. gariepinus diet at a 25% level without any negative effect on growth.

 

Author(s) Details

Opeh, Patience Bassey
Department of Mariculture and Marine Fishery Resources, Faculty of Oceanography, University of Calabar, P.M.B. 1115, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria.

 

Inyang-Etoh, Aniema Paul
Fisheries and Aquaculture Unit, Institute of Oceanography, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria.

 

Edet, Theresa Arit
Fisheries and Aquaculture Unit, Institute of Oceanography, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/asti/v3/171

Water Quality on the Growth Performance of Clarias gariepinus in Fish Farms within Fako Division, Cameroon | Chapter 1 | Geography, Earth Science and Environment: Research Highlights Vol. 9

Fish need a decent environment for their living and livelihood. Fish species that have additional organs as a means of breathing, such as catfish, can tolerate fairly extreme water conditions, but in order to develop optimally, water quality parameters need to be within their recommended ranges. Aquaculture in South-West Cameroon has evolved, although not exponentially, due to a qualified workforce. The problem of water quality in fish farms, which could be associated with poor feeding and water quality management, impacts the life of aquatic animals. Fish need a healthy environment for their optimal growth and development (case study of Catfish). The objective of this study was to determine the impact of water quality on the growth performance of Clarias gariepinus in some fish farms within Fako Division-South West Region of Cameroon. Material and methods: The method used in this research topic is descriptive, with 4 different localities, namely IRAD Batoke (A), Bakingili (B), Cornelius Fish Center (C) and Oumarou fish farm (D), Mile 2 Limbe. A collection of physicochemical and biological data was conducted from the period of March 8th to May 15th 2023, in Fako Division. The data collection was done from Tuesday to Friday, a day each per farm from 7- 8 am. Results: The results revealed the highest mean temperature value (28.22±0.94ºC) in IRAD Batoke broodstocks tanks, while Cornelius Fish Center had the highest mean pH, electrical conductivity, and total dissolved solid with values of 8.16±1.25; 0.84±0.35 ms/cm; and 0.38±1.8ppt in the broodstocks tanks and table fish tanks. The highest dissolved oxygen (<8 mg/l), the highest nitrite level (<0.025 mg/l) and the highest Ammonium (<0.05 mg/l) were noted in three localities except the Bakingili locality. The physicochemical parameters of water had no negative impacts on the growth performance of this species. Conclusion: The results of physicochemical parameters such as water temperature, pH, and electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, NH₄, NO₂ and O₂ obtained during the study experienced a relative variation and were very suitable for the growth and development of Clarias gariepinus. The study concluded that although the African catfish can tolerate poor water conditions, optimal water quality is crucial for its optimal growth and development. These findings are relevant to the fish production sector for the sustainable production of African catfish.

Author (s) Details

Benjamin Nchegang
Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Ecosystems Management, Institute of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences at Yabassi, University of Douala P.O BOX 7236, Douala, Cameroon.

 

Tabe Maxwell Enow
Department of Fisheries and Aquatic Ecosystems Management, Institute of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences at Yabassi, University of Douala P.O BOX 7236, Douala, Cameroon.

 

Geneva Ojong Nkongho
Institute of Agricultural Research for Development, Division of Fisheries and Animal Production, Nkolbisson, Yaoundé PO Box: 2123, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Paul Vernyuy Tan
Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon.

 

Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/geserh/v9/3169

Comparative Effect of Incorporation Level of Moringa oleifera Leaf Flour on Survival and Growth Performances of Clarias gariepinus and Clarias jaensis Juveniles in Tanks | Chapter 7 | Innovations in Biological Science Vol. 3

The comparative effect of the level of incorporation of Moringa oleifera leaf flour on the survival and growth characteristics of Clarias gariepinus and Clarias jaensis juveniles was studied between March and June 2017 in Batié (LN: 5° 17'0''-5°18'53''and LE: 10°17'0''- 10°19'31''). The aim of this study was to contribute to the increase in Clarias gariepinus and Clarias jaensis production through the use of local inputs. A total of 320 Clarias gariepinus and Clarias jaensis juveniles (14.23 ± 0.15g) were divided into eight isoprotein treatments (40%) with three replicates. They were fed twice a day for 84 days. The main results were: survival rate was higher in Clarias jaensis (93.33%) with no significant differences recorded. Average final weight, average daily gain and specific growth rate were significantly (P≤0.05) higher in Clarias gariepinus. Feed conversion was significantly lower in Clarias gariepinus (1.74). Feed cost decreased with increasing incorporation of Moringa oleifera in the feed. The cost of one kg of Clarias gariepinus and Clarias jaensis was significantly lower at 15% for Clarias jaensis (691.44 F CFA). Moringa oleifera can be incorporated into the feed for juveniles of Clarias jaensis at 15% and in Clarias gariepinus at 10%.

Author(s) Details:

Zango Paul,
Laboratry of Aquaculture and Aquatic Resources Demography, Institute of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences of the University of Douala at Yabassi, Cameroon and Tropical Aquaculture Centre of Bona’anja Siga Bonjo, University of Douala at Yabassi, Cameroon.

Mutlen Melvin,
Laboratry of Aquaculture and Aquatic Resources Demography, Institute of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences of the University of Douala at Yabassi, Cameroon.

Yemdjie Mane Divine D.,
Laboratry of Aquaculture and Aquatic Resources Demography, Institute of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences of the University of Douala at Yabassi, Cameroon.

Ngoumtsa Ngoulla Stéphane,
Laboratry of Aquaculture and Aquatic Resources Demography, Institute of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences of the University of Douala at Yabassi, Cameroon.

Miranda Keng Kukuru,
Laboratry of Aquaculture and Aquatic Resources Demography, Institute of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences of the University of Douala at Yabassi, Cameroon.

Tomedi Eyango Minette,
Laboratry of Aquaculture and Aquatic Resources Demography, Institute of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences of the University of Douala at Yabassi, Cameroon.

Please see the link here: https://stm.bookpi.org/IBS-V3/article/view/14247

Chemo-Nutritional Analysis and Organoleptic Quality Characteristics of Smoked African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) Treated with Scent Leaf (Ocimum gratissimum) Juice | Chapter 9 | Recent Progress in Microbiology and Biotechnology Vol. 5

 During five (5) weeks of storage at ambient temperature, the nutrient composition, biochemical, and organoleptic consistency characteristics of smoked Clarias gariepinus treated with scent leaf (Ocimum gratissimum) juice were evaluated. Table-sized catfish were given a 0.2 percent solution of O. gratissimum juice. For 5 minutes before smoking, use 0.4 percent, 0.6 percent, 0.8 percent, and 1.0 percent v/v. The treatment control was 1.0 percent v/v brine. Weeks 0 and 5 were used to determine the approximate composition of fresh and smoked fish. Weekly biochemical analysis and organoleptic quality evaluations were performed. The crude protein values obtained from the proximate composition ranged from 64.42 percent to 66.80 percent. The values of free fatty acids, peroxide content, and total volatile nitrogen increased with storage time, but stayed within limits (0.09 percent – 0.65 percent, 1.22 meq/kg – 1.77 meq/kg, and 1.495 mg/100 g – 11.750 mg/100 g, respectively). As compared to the other samples and the monitor, the sample handled with 0.2 percent juice received higher scores from the taste panel for taste (7.43), scent (7.46), texture (7.33), appearance (7.77), and general acceptability (7.57). This may be due to the influence of the fragrance leaf's spicy properties. The organoleptic properties of the smoked fish were strongest at low concentrations. The research also discovered that Ocimum gratissimum juice can be used to enhance the biochemical and organoleptic consistency of smoked meats that have been stored for a long time. Clarias gariepinus is a species of Clarias.

Author (s) Details

Adeosun Olubunmi
Department of Fisheries Technology, Oyo State College of Agriculture and Technology, Igboora, Nigeria.

Adegbola, Sunday Abiola
Department of Fisheries Technology, Oyo State College of Agriculture and Technology, Igboora, Nigeria.

Bankole, Adebukola Folake
Department of Fisheries Technology, Oyo State College of Agriculture and Technology, Igboora, Nigeria.

Olateju, Gbolahan Basit
Department of Fisheries Technology, Oyo State College of Agriculture and Technology, Igboora, Nigeria.

View Book :- https://stm.bookpi.org/RPMB-V5/article/view/872