Background: Lateral cephalometric is used in diagnosis,
treatment planning and stability of orthodontic treatment. This research aimed
to search the literature and formulate cephalometric norms for lateral
cephalometric measurements of Emirates adults and to study gender
differences. Methods: Lateral
cephalometric radiographs of 176 Emirates adults, 91 males and 85 females, were
selected according to the following criteria; an age range between 19 to 25
years, esthetically pleasing and harmonious faces with balanced and acceptable
profiles and occlusions, normal skeletal and dental relationship, all permanent
teeth present and no history of orthodontic treatment or facial trauma. The
mean values and standard deviations of 91 angular and 21 linear cephalometric
variables were calculated using the Dolphin version 10.5 software package. The
resulting norms for Emirates male and female groups were compared using a
student t-test. Results: Several
statistically significant gender differences were noticeable. Skeletally,
Emirates males showed significantly greater (p < 0.001) total, anterior, and
posterior cranial base lengths as well as longer facial heights, greater SGn-FH
(°), ANS Xi PM (°), and FH/MP (°) angles than females. In addition, Emirates
males had significantly greater (p < 0.001) Co-A (mm), Co-Gn (mm), and
significantly greater (p < 0.05) Pog-N vert (mm) than females. Dentally,
Emirates males had significantly greater (p < 0.05) UI-SN (°) and U1-NA (°),
U1-NA (mm), and L1-NB (mm) (p < 0.001) than females. For soft tissue
measurements there were significant gender differences (p < 0.001) for all
angular and linear measurements except for lower lip to E-plane and nose
prominence measurements which have no significant gender difference. Emirates
males revealed greater measurements than females except for soft tissue
convexity, Z-angle, and both upper and lower lips protrusion which were significantly
greater in Emirates females.
Conclusions: The use of specific ce- phalometric standards for Emirates
adults, separate for gender, seems to be justified. It is appropriate to put
these cephalometric norms into daily orthodontic practice when Emirates adults
are being treated.
Author(s) Details
Dr. Huda M. Abu-TayyemAuthor(s) Details
Ras Al Kamiah College of Dental Sciences (RAKCODS), RAK Medical & Health Sciences University, UAE.
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