Aims: To evaluate peanut tolerance and weed efficacy with various peanut
herbicide programs.
Study Design: Randomized complete block.
Place and Duration of Study: Field studies were conducted during
the 2018, 2021, and 2022 growing seasons in the south Texas peanut growing
region.
Methodology: A weed-free study was conducted in 2018 to evaluate
crop safety while in 2021 and 2022 weed efficacy trials were conducted. The
weed-free study was taken to yield; however, the weed efficacy studies were
not.
Results: No noticeable peanut injury with any herbicide program
was noted in 2018; however, paraquat + imazethapyr applied at cracking produced
the lowest yield. In the 2021 and 2022 studies, peanut stunting was noted with
all herbicide systems which included paraquat. Amaranthus palmeri control was
> 95% with pendimethalin + flumioxazin + S-metolachlor applied preemergence
or any herbicide systems that included S-metolachlor + 2,4-DB applied
postemergence. Pendimethalin alone provided 83% control of Urochloa texana
while herbicide systems that contained multiple herbicides provided > 90%
control. Similar results were seen with Cucumis melo. Ipomoea hederacea L.
required the use of multiple herbicides to provide effective control.
Pendimethalin alone or paraquat + pyroxasulfone provided <70% control while
systems which included pendimetahlin + either S metolachlor, the premix of
carfentrazone + pyroxasulfone, or imazapic provided 100% control.
Conclusion: These studies indicate that grower concerns about
peanut injury are largely unfounded as only paraquat-containing herbicide
systems consistently resulted in any stunting. The premix of carfentrazone +
pyroxasulfone caused leaf burn; however, peanuts recover quickly with no yield
reduction. Although the premix of carfentrazone + pyroxasulfone systems
provided excellent control of U. texana, typically this combination does not
effectively control large-seeded annual grasses. Other herbicide systems which
included pendimethalin plus either S-metolachlor, flumioxazin + S-metolachlor,
dimethenamid, or imazapic provided excellent weed control. These herbicide
systems offer growers another option to help provide season-long weed control
in the southwestern US peanut production areas.
Author(s)
Details
W.
James Grichar
Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Texas A&M AgriLife Research
and Extension Center, 10345 State Highway 44, Corpus Christi, TX 78406, USA.
Joshua
A. McGinty
Texas A&M AgriLife Extension, Texas A&M AgriLife Research
and Extension Center, 10345 State Highway 44, Corpus Christi, TX 78406, USA.
Please see the book here:- https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/crpas/v3/1702
